Heads of Germany

Empire of the German Nation


-Archduchy of Austria in personal union with Kingdom of Bohemia

Holy Roman Emperors


1792-1835: Francis II (Habsburg)

-governed over mediatization of 1804 where French Republic compensated rulers of left bank of rhine by doing away with all the archduchies except aschaffenburg

-and so French Wars > First French War (1792-1804) comes to an end

-domestic policy very autocratic, metternich is the man

-faced with much less of hre in alignment with him (though prussia pushed to edge, bavaria westphalia and two hesses broadly french-aligned)

-attempts an empire-wide concordat with catholic church, but only small states sign on, most instead do their own concordats

-in 1819 elector of bavaria dies, results in end of montgelas' modernizing absolutist regime, state breaking its alignment with france and instead making it with austria

-in the end, europe comes to French Wars > Second French War (1821-32) following neapolitan revolution in 1824

-successfully protects papacy by invading latium and making it rump papal state

1835-1837: Interregnum

-Francis II's eldest son widely regarded as a dumbass, and so francis ii unable to get him elected as king of the romans, thus interregnum is result

-eventually, however able to get electors to agree on down the line (also eldest son abdicates archduchy and other titles)

1837-1874: Joseph III (Habsburg)

-link

1874-1890: Maximilian III (Habsburg)

-now fictional

-Joseph III's fictional son, turns out to be pretty sickly well after being elected King of the Romans

-practically-speaking government is primarily managed by regency council

1890-1891: Interregnum

-Maximilian III dies childless w/o electing an heir, resulting in interregnum

-attempts to get his brother enthroned as King of Hungary

-but massive mobs block him, Hungarian republicans declare independence, resulting in French Wars > Fifth French War (1890-5)

1891-1940: Francis III (Habsburg) [abdicated]

-brother of Maximilian III, was member of regency council

-leads effort against Hungarian crisis well

-when war becomes pan-European war, he brings in Russia against it

1940-1941: Charles VIII (Habsburg) [abdicated]
1941-1949: Interregnum

-some talk of even abolishing the central monarchy in this period (but rejected cuz too French)

-new constitution issued, turning germany into centralized federal monarchy and democratization is now total

-electors of saxony raised in recognition of it being center of industry, and already very democratic

-fourth college of reichstag established for the people with universal male suffrage and partial female suffrage, with laws requiring assent of both fourth college and of other colleges united

Emperors of the German Nation

1949-1959: Frederick IV (Wettin)

-makes compromise with Kingdom of Bohemia, granting it virtual independence in personal union with austria (now King of Bohemia is the highest title of the habsburgs)